浅论机体维修中无损检查人员的培训和授权管理

因其经济性和可靠性,无损检查在民航机体维修中扮演了非常重要的角色。本文从梳理A320机型的NTM和CAAC、FAA适航规章着手,探讨了无损检查人员的培训和授权管理,提出了一些建议,以期提高机体维修中无损检查的效率和质量。     

LEVEL DECISION-MAKING FOR AERO-ENGINE MODULES BASED ON INCREMENTAL KNOWLEDGE LEARNING

The maintenance of an aero-engine usually includes three levels, and the maintenance cost and period greatly differ depending on the different maintenance levels. To plan a reasonable maintenance budget program, airlines would like to predict the maintenance level of aero-engine before repairing in terms of performance parame- ters, which can provide more economic benefits. The maintenance level decision rules are mined using the histori- cal maintenance data of a civil aero-engine based on the rough set theory, and a variety of possible models of upda- ting rules produced by newly increased maintenance cases added to the historical maintenance case database are in- vestigated by the means of incremental machine learning. The continuously updated rules can provide reasonable guidance suggestions for engineers and decision support for planning a maintenance budget program before repai- ring. The results of an example show that the decision rules become more typical and robust, and they are more accurate to predict the maintenance level of an aero-engine module as the maintenance data increase, which illus- trates the feasibility of the represented method.     

基于浴盆曲线故障率函数的FFOP预计方法

与传统可靠性指标中假设产品的随机失效不可避免不同,无故障工作期(FFOP)内产品不会发生任何故障(即零故障)。首先阐述了FFOP的概念内涵、与平均故障间隔时间(MTBF)的区别和联系,提出了一种FFOP的预计方法。该方法假设产品的故障率函数具有浴盆曲线特征、故障发生过程为泊松过程、产品具有固定的免维修工作期。然后以一种改进的Weibull分布函数描述具有浴盆曲线函数特征产品的故障率。基于泊松过程理论,给出了FFOP的预计算法、流程和仿真验证手段。最后以某型无人机舵机为案例对研究方法的可用性进行了验证。结果表明:FFOP与免维修工作期(MFOP)、置信度水平密切相关,及时维修的产品能够保证较长的FFOP。在工程应用时,FFOP的确定应综合考虑运行维护费用进行权衡。     

面向对地成像观测任务的高空飞艇应急调度

针对应急条件下高空飞艇(HAA)对地成像观测任务调度问题进行研究,分析了问题中的主要约束条件,建立了以任务收益(TB)和巡航距离为优化目标的约束满足问题(CSP)模型。考虑飞艇侦察载荷具有侧摆观测能力,在构建视场范围约束模型和分辨率约束模型的基础上,对成像观测任务进行合成。提出了元任务与合成任务的概念,给出了任务合成的步骤与方法。将HAA应急调度问题转换为车辆路径问题(VRP),并进一步分解为任务排序主问题和路径选择子问题,分别应用改进粒子群(IPSO)算法和关键节点搜索(KNS)算法求解。详细介绍了算法中的编码、解码和移动等操作,以及采用的混沌初始化和禁忌搜索(TS)策略。通过仿真实验,对文中所提方法的有效性进行了验证。     

A Fault Sample Simulation Approach for Virtual Testability Demonstration Test

Virtual testability demonstration test has many advantages,such as low cost,high efficiency,low risk and few restrictions.It brings new requirements to the fault sample generation.A fault sample simulation approach for virtual testability demonstration test based on stochastic process theory is proposed.First,the similarities and differences of fault sample generation between physical testability demonstration test and virtual testability demonstration test are discussed.Second,it is pointed out that the fault occurrence process subject to perfect repair is renewal process.Third,the interarrival time distribution function of the next fault event is given.Steps and flowcharts of fault sample generation are introduced.The number of faults and their occurrence time are obtained by statistical simulation.Finally,experiments are carried out on a stable tracking platform.Because a variety of types of life distributions and maintenance modes are considered and some assumptions are removed,the sample size and structure of fault sample simulation results are more similar to the actual results and more reasonable.The proposed method can effectively guide the fault injection in virtual testability demonstration test.     

飞机维修保障远程技术支援系统建设方案初探

现阶段部队外场新换装飞机使用维修保障支持难度大、外场服务保障能力有限等问题日益凸显。依托信息化技术的发展,建立飞机维修保障远程技术支援系统,是解决上述问题的有效途径。本文从飞机维修保障远程技术支援系统组成及功能、系统构成及关键技术和系统工作流程三方面对系统建设方案进行了初步探索。     

基于任务弧段的测控通信任务可靠性建模方法

基于对任务的弧段划分,建立了测控通信任务的可靠性模型.根据任务执行时序图,参与任务的测控通信资源及任务成败标准,将测控通信任务划分为不同的任务弧段,定义了正常任务弧段和空闲任务弧段,基于Markov过程,提出了正常任务弧段和空闲任务弧段的可靠性建模方法.提出了在考虑测控通信资源的开机准备时间和停机时间的情况下的可靠性建模方法,对测控通信任务重新划分任务弧段,各任务弧段依据相应方法单独建立模型,依次求解各模型可得整个任务的可靠性.最后以具体的测控通信任务为例,计算并分析了不考虑资源开机准备时间和停机时间、仅考虑资源开机准备时间、仅考虑资源停机时间以及考虑资源开机准备时间和停机时间的任务可靠性,验证了模型的正确性.      

航空装备预防性维修费用的系统动力学分析

分析了维修保障费用产生的因果关系：建立存量、流量、辅助变量、常量之间的关联方程,确定初始值;分析模型的计算结果,通过调整模型的参数来观察模型结果的变化以确定最优策略。着重分析了飞机的零部件故障率、预防性维修的频率等对寿命周期内装备的维修保障费用的影响．结果表明本仿真方法具有一定的实用性。     

灰色聚类法在航空装备维修保障能力评估中的应用

通过对航空装备维修保障系统的分析,用灰色聚类法给出了航空装备维修保障能力评估指标体系综合评估模型,并进行了实例分析.     

基于STT与模糊QFD的装备质量特性分解方法

装备综合质量特性参数是度量装备系统方案优劣的重要指标.在从战略到任务STT(Strategy to Task Technique)法、模糊质量功能展开QFD(Quality Function Deployment)法和武器效能评估ADC模型的基础上,提出一种装备综合质量特性参数分解方法.运用上述方法对装备进行结构和任务分解,把装备总体系统效能分解到相关任务及其功能系统的关键质量特性中,进一步建立考虑了任务和相关功能系统质量特性影响的系统效能模型.分解结果为装备不同系统方案的评价及确定影响装备系统效能的关键质量特性参数提供了依据.